Verbal Notes-8

Study & Practice the Verbal section of GMAT through our notes!!

As Such

Such = nominal equivalent to the foregoing clause.

Clause1 and as such, Clause2 = clause1, and as clause1, clause2.

Caesarea was Herod’s city, founded as a Romanized counterweight to Hebraic Jerusalem, and as such it was regarded with loathing by the devout.

The meaning of the above sentence is similar to the following:

Because Caesarea was Herod’s city, founded as a Romanized counterweight to Hebraic Jerusalem, it was regarded with loathing by the devout.

Reduced Costs = Reduction IN costs (result of reduction)

“Reduction of” is used when reducing by a certain amount. E.g. reduction of 20%.

Second, for all means despite, and along with means in addition to. I’m sure you’ll agree that the meanings are different, right?

For example:

I haven’t visited Bora Bora, and neither has Kerry [visited Bora Bora].
In this case, I can omit visited Bora Bora because it already appears in the sentence.

NOUN + BE-VERB + NOUN/ADJECTIVE

For example:

The change was good for me.
The change was a good one for me.
The change was an important step for me in my life.

BUT NEVER The change was when I came to the US.
In other words, noun complements (the words that come after a be-verb and modify Nouns) should only be nouns or adjectives (although we often use adverbs when we want to describe location, but more on that later, if you like; this explanation is getting pretty long!!). I think that’s it. I hope what I’ve said makes sense and is clear, but please be sure to post back with questions or doubts!!

The central issue before the court was how far the regulatory agencies should go in requiring better working conditions in factories.

a. in requiring better working conditions in factories
b. as far as requiring better working conditions in factories
c. in their requirement that factories should have better working conditions
d. as far as requiring that factories should have better working conditions
e. to require factories to have better working conditions

Whew! What a tricky question! Both A and E are grammatically correct, but they have a very slight difference in meaning. For this question, we most likely want the meaning in A, not the meaning in E. And, whenever we have two options that are both grammatically correct, and the only difference is one of meaning, we MUST go with the original meaning. In other words, if A is grammatically correct, not wordy, redundant, awkward, etc., and another answer choice is also grammatically correct, not wordy, redundant, awkward, etc., we must go with A. But I’m sure you want to know the meaning difference and the rule, right? Okay, here you go:

I know you won’t like this, but with this meaning, we use “in.”
For example: I want to know how far you will go in helping me.

I think you remember from class that we talked about “helpful” + “in,” right? Well, this is very similar–”helping me” is a process. In this sentence, I am wondering how long you would stay with me while you are helping me, how many different things you would do to help me. For example, would you break the law while you are helping me if you thought I would benefit? Would you ignore your friends and family while you are helping me? Again: During the process, how much would you do?

(A) has a similar meaning in this sentence. Let’s now look at the meaning of E.

I want to know how far you will go to help me. In this sentence, we are using the infinitive of purpose, which we use to express a goal. If I use this structure, I am wondering how much effort you would expend to help me. In other words, would you come to me at midnight? Would you travel 50

miles, 100 miles, 1,000 miles to help me? Would you spend all your time and money to come to help me? Would you give up your job, health, and family to help me?

Again: How much would you do to be able to be in a situation to help me??

I know that these two are very, very close in meaning, but read what I’ve written

very carefully, and be sure to post back with any further questions!

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